Video-on-Demand over Internet: a survey of existing systems and solutions

Video-on-Demand is a service where movies are delivered to distributed users with low delay and free interactivity. The traditional client/server architecture experiences scalability issues to provide video streaming services, so there have been many proposals of systems, mostly based on a peer-to-peer or on a hybrid server/peer-to-peer solution, to solve this issue. This work presents a survey of the currently existing or proposed systems and solutions, based upon a subset of representative systems, and defines selection criteria allowing to classify these systems. These criteria are based on common questions such as, for example, is it video-on-demand or live streaming, is the architecture based on content delivery network, peer-to-peer or both, is the delivery overlay tree-based or mesh-based, is the system push-based or pull-based, single-stream or multi-streams, does it use data coding, and how do the clients choose their peers. Representative systems are briefly described to give a summarized overview of the proposed solutions, and four ones are analyzed in details. Finally, it is attempted to evaluate the most promising solutions for future experiments. Résumé La vidéo à la demande est un service où des films sont fournis à distance aux utilisateurs avec u

Prise en charge des adolescents et adultes jeunes atteints de lymphome de Hodgkin et conformité des pratiques médicales aux recommandations, cohorte exhaustive de la région Rhone-Alpes

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prognostic impact of cN-III mRNA expression on overall survival and drug sensitivity in pediatric leukemia

International audienc

Warm mixes asphalt : Laboratory evaluation of two mix design methods

From a French-Brazilian partnership among Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo (LTP - Laboratory of Pavement Technology), Ecole Spéciale de Travaux Publics ESTP (GREMACOR Laboratory) and Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC Division SMIT), a study on warm mixes asphalt was developed. Since 2003, new asphalt mixes that are set between hot and cold mixes have been developed with the purpose of reducing mixing and compaction temperatures of hot mixes asphalt, yet maintaining the same performance. After selecting one technique that employs an additive, the temperature for producing mixes of which is 110ºC, the study was concentrated on the design of these new mixes in laboratory, by using two methodologies for evaluating the effect of the additive and the decrease in temperature on the performance of the mixture. Two similar classic designs of dense asphalt concrete with usual materials were tested : Béton Bitumineux Semi-Grenu 0/10 Class 2 in France and Grading C DNIT in Brazil. The evaluation considered compaction (air voids content) and moisture susceptibility. The first results lead to discuss the relevance of some tests to the real performance of the warm mixes tested. Besides, for complementing the technical aspect of this study from an environmental viewpoint, additional tests related to organic compounds emissions during the production in laboratory were carried out by using a TOC (Total Organic Compounds) Analyzer

G6PD deficiency and absence of α-thalassemia increase the risk for cerebral vasculopathy in children with sickle cell anemia

International audienc